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Driving On - Blue Mountain Farm

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Fjord Driven - Pacific Carriage Omega Turnout
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In the beginning: Driven to Drive

Not long ago, I observed a person at a schooling trial driving a pair of horses with breast collars to a carriage with roller bolts.  The official at the event told this person that they had incorrect harness and they were going to ruin their good horses and/or have a wreck.  The animals were in obvious discomfort, but this person wouldn't listen to anyone.  I came away from this with the determination to make sure I didn't unknowingly make my animals suffer from my own ignorance.  

It has driven me  to research carefully before implementing anything with my Fjord mare pair.  Driving should be about you and your horse(s) both having a good time together, safely and comfortably.   At the bottom of this page I've listed some of my favorite resources I have found along the way.


Photo by Wendi Ross, Blue Ribbon Photography

From personal experience, I know it can be very confusing to weed out  all the good information from the not so good regarding harness and equipment.  What is just fashion nonsense and what is necessary for safety and comfort.   Sometimes those fussy traditions are there for a valid safety reason!  There really are not any safe, cheap, shortcuts to driving.  Failed substandard or inappropriately applied equipment can ultimately end up as a life threatening  experience for driver and/or horses.

Learning about driving the last several years has become a passion, and driving pair an obsession. I still feel I have a lot to learn, but we have a good start on this journey. Since I am asked often what and why I use what I use, here are some of the major items I've chosen for my Fjord girls; a kind of report card of our turnout and journey of discovery thus far:

The Carriage

I knew I wanted to do pairs, and have on and off road capability, and be able to participate in some CDE's.


Photo by Wendi Ross, Blue Ribbon Photography

It also had to be practical for every day use and training.   After the first drive, I knew I had found everything I wanted in this vehicle, the Pacific Carriage Omega.  It's strong and balanced, comfortable for equine and human alike, well engineered, well sprung and QUIET.  I think it's beautiful too (especially with my Fjord girls in front!).

 


Photo by Wendi Ross, Blue Ribbon Photography

Neck Yoke
and Attachments

Multi-functional, the neck yoke supports the positioning of the pair, is a point of attachment to the pair pole for carriage steering, and is point where the harness brakes (the britchen) are initiated. 

I can't take credit for this particular  equipment decision, however, as the neck yoke came with the carriage and spring mounted pole.  But I have found that this is a great set up and I wonder why it's not used more often with marathon vehicles. 

I chucked the pole straps and use the snap shackles hooked directly between the neck yoke and the kidney links on the hames. This means there isn't much hanging out in front of the horses to get in the way of turns and obstacles. The snap shackles slide on the kidney links so there is some lateral play for my mare pair to both have the room to bend in turns, with little interference from each other or the pole. And yet the neck yoke encourages them to center themselves between their traces and travel straight on.

 

The Harness

One of my best decisions was having Camptown make my harness.  It's wash and wear, made out of beta synthetic material with leather lining in key areas.  It looks traditional, but it's easy care all the way.  It is long wearing and strong, but soft and supple, even in freezing conditions.


Photo by Wendi Ross, Blue Ribbon Photography

The style of britchen on this pair harness works very well with the neck yoke set up. The quarter straps from the britchen go under the belly to attach to the end of the martingale, just behind the girth.   From there, the martingale goes forward between the front legs to clip onto the neck yoke.  You have an almost immediate effective support without having to have the britchen snugged up so tight it inhibits stride. 


Photo by Wendi Ross, Blue Ribbon Photography

One of the challenging issues was adjusting the pair harness to get the slop out, so only a few inches of play occurs between go and whoa in its support system (when britchen is being used).  Once the traces become slack, the horse is then out of draft, the britchen (braking) needs to smoothly engage from the resulting resistance on the neck yoke. 

When the horse goes back into draft again, pushing against the collar and tightening the traces; the neck yoke will resume it's neutral position below the collar, slackening the martingale and thus letting go of the harness brakes (the britchen). 

From the smaller inset pictured below shown in draft (no brakes); note the Martingale loop is adjusted so the loop is pulled out the  back  of the girth by barely snug quarter straps that come off from the britchen.  This spring loads the martingale, so when it's needed for braking, there is a good four inches of play before the Martingale  loop connects with the back of the girth.  This loop slack is important as it protects the driving saddle from bearing unnecessary pressure by being drug forward between the horses front legs by the martingale.   The key is having as little slack as possible forward and aft of the girth without creating tension when the martingale/britchen is not in use.


Photo by Wendi Ross, Blue Ribbon Photography

 


Photo by Wendi Ross, Blue Ribbon Photography

The Driving Bridle & Driving Bits

I just love these bridles.   Look at the crown piece behind the ear.  It is curved and shaped so it actually goes around and cups the ear structure.  There is no pressure on sensitive areas.  I just don't have head shaking problems with my Fjords.

The driving bits I use are Glory Bits.  My first mare already had been driving in one and doing well in it, so I got her one and bought my second mare one as well.  The bit options I chose are a loose cheek liverpool.  The mouthpieces are copper with a hybrid forward curve that is  part mullen, and part arch.  This bit seems just perfect for Fjords.   They have wide mouths, thick tongues and not a lot of room for much else in there (food always fits though!).

They tell me they like these bits, as I don't have to have flash nose bands to keep their mouths tied shut on them, they listen softly and keep bit contact.  They even open their mouths to take the bits themselves when being bridled.   Fjord approved.

Note for pairs: It is often recommended to have a fixed cheek bits and bit bars to avoid any pinching or hooking of equipment.  I have not had that problem so far, however.


The Neck Collars

The joy of collars. You either love them or you don't.  I knew I wanted to work with collars.  It was part of the personal journey I wanted to take and I knew it would be a challenge.  They are a little more expensive  to set up, but when done right, the horses do work more efficiently, in my opinion.   I found that out after having to wait for more harness parts, I had to use breast collars temporarily and my ponies just didn't stride out like they do with their neck collars!


Photo by Wendi Ross, Blue Ribbon Photography

I've had people tell me that neck collars should not be used in marathon, but with my neck yoke set up, my mares can move and bend freely, and judging from actual sweat patterns, the neck collars cover less body area than breast collars or euro collars do.  They do not generate heat, are not restrictive, and I've had no bruising, rubbing or injury from the collars.

Fit is the most important part of neck collar usage.  I ordered 20" half sweeny buggy collars with a little wider point of draft.  I found with the Fjords, that their necks are so wide compared to their height, that I had to sit on the brand new collars endwise, and bounce a little to spread the new collars out, just to get the collar to settle down onto their shoulder at first.  I also needed wider kidney links to accommodate the neck width and allow the hames to seat into the collar's groves (hame bed)  properly.    People often talk about getting their hames bent to fit their collars, and I thought I would need this also, but when I tried a wider kidney link, I found that took care of the issue totally.   There is some adjustment play top and bottom for hames, unhook them from each other and just slip the hames up and down the collar grooves to see if a wider  (or narrower) attachment might give you a custom fit you are striving for without bending any metal.

Once I had all those pieces of the puzzle fitting smoothly together, everything else seem to flow into place.   It's a very personal choice in how you want to drive.  No regrets here, I think collars are beautiful as well as efficient for the horse.

Personal Note:  Fjords don't have much of a throatlatch, so I always unbuckle my collars when putting them on or off.  The girls don't care for the tradition of pushing the collar on upside down over their faces and twisting it around behind their head, it tends to strangle them unnecessarily.


Photo by Wendi Ross, Blue Ribbon Photography

The Trace
Connection

I followed the popular trend of using marine grade snap shackles for easy connectivity to the carriage. I use the largest size snap shackle from Carriage Driving Essentials for the traces hooked to the single trees, and the smaller size for the neck yoke attachments (see Neck Yoke/Attachments above).  Putting too and unhitching is then just a snap! (Pun intended.)

Single trees are a must with breast collars to avoid friction burns and pain for the animal as my beginning narrative exemplifies.  Roller bolts are okay with neck collars, many information sources say; but from this picture above, you can see my girl's neck collars are still working the single trees completely.  From my own observation, it seems that even horses in neck collars would be much more comfortable using single trees too.


The Line of Draft

Something that should be taken into consideration, but is often lost in the many infinite details, is the Line of draft.  Horses actually PUSH against their breast or neck collars to move the objects we attach to them.  How they are attached from this point of push to the carriage's point of pull determines how efficiently they can work and avoid injury.  It's a similar concept for a person moving a heavily loaded wheel barrow; one lifts the wheel barrow handles up to the correct angle for them to be able to push the load forward easily, otherwise it's a struggle.  Two books worth mentioning explain this in detail, listed below in my Favorite Resources/Books; Understanding Harness and the Workhorse Handbook.

My own set up isn't a perfectly ideal, ninety degree line of draft according to the books.  But it's proven to work for us over a couple of years now.  My collars don't rock top or bottom.  The sweat patterns are even, so I know pulling pressure is being distributed evenly along the length of the collar to the horse.  There is no bruising or irritation.  My horses move forward freely, easily. 


Photo by Wendi Ross, Blue Ribbon Photography

I think having wider kidney links that set the trace-eyes higher up on the neck collar, and my Fjords have pretty good shoulder conformation for carriage work compensates from having less than perfect draft angles.  I also had, a couple years later, some custom hames made with the trace-eyes moved up higher by about an inch and a half, that seemed to be the sweet spot we were hunting for!  All these factors, I've found, are important to take into consideration for a cohesive working whole between horse, harness and carriage.


Photo by J. Rachau

The Horseshoes for Driving:

Plastic shoes, it does sound very odd.  But the plastic is of a strong material, like skate board wheels and is really quite long lasting.   It's like putting sneakers on your horses.  And since traction and concussion on pavement are a big concern for me, they have worked wonderfully for us after miles and miles of use. 

I've also used these shoes in CDE's with excellent results in mud and wet grass.  I watched metal shod horses slipping and some near falls, but my girls didn't bobble in their funny footwear.  This particular brand is called Ground Control Horse Shoes.  They nail on just like normal metal shoes, and just trim off what you don't need with nippers.  I was grateful that my farrier was very open minded and willing to apply them.  These plastic shoes are also very quiet on the roads and it's very pleasant and peaceful trotting on. 

 

Some parting thoughts. . .

So if you made it this far, you are probably a driving crazy fool and just as twisted as I am.  I'm so sorry for you - but ain't it fun?   All the stuff I listed here is my opinion, it doesn't mean it's right for the next person and, after all, I'm just a learning amateur driver.   I think bottom line is that we have to consider EVERYTHING that affects our carriage driving situation, and foremost look at it from our horses perspective.   So stay safe and have fun.  Drive on!

 

Dedicated to my patient teachers,
Elska and Judit aka: the Girls

Photo by Wendi Ross, Blue Ribbon Photography

My Favorite Resources

Websites:

Driving Books:

  • The Art of Driving by Max Pape

  • Understanding Harness by Barb Lee

  • The Principles of Driving by the German National Equestrian Federation

  • Competition Carriage Driving by HRH the Duke of Edinburgh

  • 30 years on and off the Box Seat by HRH the Duke of Edinburgh

  • A Teamster's View, More and Different by Steve Bowers

  • On the Box Seat by Tom Ryder

  • Carriage Driving- A Logical Approach through Dressage Training by Heike Bean and Sarah Blanchard

  • Work Horse Handbook by Lynn R. Miller

Driving Video/DVDs:

  • Bending the Driving Horse by Muffy Seaton

  • Combined Driving 101 by Muffy Seaton

  • Competition Carriage Driving, Parts 1, 2 and 3 with Ewald Meier

  • Turnout and Presentation by Drive on Productions

  • Bower Farms - Harnessing Hitching and Driving

  • Bower Farms - Training the Driving Horse

  • The Laurels



























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Jeanine Rachau

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